Process for the manufacture of cement articles and of reenforcedconcrete members andthe like



192 0. ROUCKA PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CEMENT ARTICLES AND OF REENFORCED CONCRETE MEMBERS AND THE LIKE.

FILED DEC. 29. 192:.

EJ-vwgtoz uni? Patented Feb 2Q, 1923. I

tore rr OSVALD'ROUfiKA, OF.ROHATEC, CZEOHO-SLOVAKIA.

PROCESS FOR THE IEANUFAG'EUBE O35 (lEMENT' ARTICLES CONCRETE Application filed December 29, 1921.

To all whom it may concern: I I

Be itknown that I, OsvALn ROUGKA, a oitL zen of the Czechofilovakian Republic, and residing at Roha-tec, Czecho-Slovakia, have 5 invented certain new and useful Improvements in and Relating to a Process for the lilanufaoture of Cement Articles and of Reenforced-Concrete Members and thelilte for which I have filed applications in Great Britain, No. 31,636, dated November th, 1921; Czecho-Slovakia, applicationfiled July 19th, 1921; in Italy, A France, August 12th, 1921; in jrkustria, September 9th, 1921; and in Germany, September 10th, 1921), of which the following is a specification.

While it has already been proposed to use steam and hot air for hardening articles made of cement, the processes made known hitherto have not given satisfactory results, as, when using hot air, a satisfactory degree of hardness was not obtained, when hardening by means of steam not under pressure, the hardening took too long and, When hardening by means of steam under pressure, cracks and deformations in the surface of the articles appear, the surface scales off and the appearance of the articles sufiers through the condensed water vapour.

These disadvantages are obviated by the process according to the present invention, according to which heated to about 6080 G, whereupon the temperature and pressure are increased by admitting steam under pressure. The process according to the invention is as follows In the drawings there is shown an apparatus by which the process may be carried out and in which Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the apparatus, and

*ig. 2 is an end elevational view thereof.

iinilar characters of reference are emindicate corresponding parts throughout the views.

he cement or concrete articles are placed in a vessel 1, which has been tested to about 8 atmospheres. The vessel is preferably of 0 an elongated cylindrical shape being removably closed by the flange cover 2. When the vessel is closed, the heating system generally designated by the numeral 3 [and having its main portion. arranged at the i bottom of the vessel is put in operation, so

runner-ins Ann THE LIKE. i

ugust 12th, 1921; in,

'is admitted over the articles are first pre-.

.the supports and Am) or annivrosonn- Serial No. 525,753.

that the tem 'ierature rises by lto 5 n'rinute. At each riseabout 10 C. a certain amount of steam can be admitted into the vessel 1 for raising the degree of humidity. After a temperature C. has been reached, ac-

per of temperature by factured articles are left in this pressure from 8 to 10 ours, according to the kind of article treated, after which the hardening will be complete. l The heating system 3 which is associated with the vessel -ras its main portion, including a perforated pipe 4 preferably. mounted at the bottom of the vessel. Steam 1 the entire length of the vessel.

ins off the water of condensation and at the pop with a steam outlet valve 6. The other igs of the vessel comprise a, pressure indicating the internal temperature of the vessel and the usual safety valves 9.

The process according to the invention has the folowing advantages z- (1) The articles treated are given a high compressive strength within a few hours, which, for instance in the case of concrete articles exceeds 600 kg. to 1 sqr. cm.

(9) The adhesion of the iron reinforcement of reenforced concrete members con-' siderably exceeds the normal adhesion.

(3) The manufacture of articles does not depend on the atmospheric conditions.

1) A considerable amount of space is saved. 1 l

5) There is also a saving in work and material. as the articles show great strength with a relatively low percentage of cement and for instance in the case of. roof tiles the repeated smoothing over are not required, so that the roof tiles can be made thinner and consequently i lighter. v

(6), Mass production is made possible and building material becomes considerably cheaper.

(7 It becomes p sible to ascertain the state of the cement within a few hours."

What I claim is 1. A process for the manufacture of cement articles and of reenforced concrete members and the like, consisting in this that the raw material is hardened in an enclosed vessel, the temperature in the interior of the vessel beingfirst brought to a temperature of about 60-80 C. at a rate of about 1 to 5 0. per minute, whereupon the further increase in temperature is cont nued more slowly at a rate of 0.1 to 1 C. per minute, the pressure being at the same time increased until the pressure rises to about 7 to 18, atmospheres, whereupon the articles are left for about 8 to 10 hours under this pressure, as set forth.

2 A process for the ment articles and of reen he like, consi terial is h members and t that the raw ma closed vessel by f a heat means 0 rate of about 1 to 5 upon the further increa continued more slowly at a e, the pressure being at the same lated admission ses to about 7 C. per minut time increased of steam unti to 13 atmosp are left for about 8,to 1 pressure, as set forth.

In testimony whereo by the regi l the pressure ri heres, whereupon the he vessel is first f about 6080 (l. at a C. per minute, wherese in temperature is rate of 0.1 to 1 name to this specification.

Witnesses FREY Hovo IL LANDISCK Kno'r,

MATHAUSER.

0 hours un f I have signed my,

OSVALD. ROUCKA.

16 this 40 

